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Spain
An educational starting point for researching business prospecting in this market.
Educational summaryOperational policy: not availableLegal validation: pending
Understand the starting point.
Article 21 of the LSSI sets a prior-request or express-authorisation rule for promotional email, with a limited exception for an earlier contractual relationship and similar products or services.
A simple, free objection mechanism remains relevant. Switching to a human sender does not itself create an exception: the rule concerns the communication, not a particular automation tool.
Questions to resolve for a campaign.
- Where is the sender established, and which rules apply to this activity?
- What type of business or individual is the recipient?
- Where did the contact details come from, and what evidence supports their use?
- What does the chosen channel require, including objections and opt-outs?
- Are the policy and its exceptions current, reviewed and applicable to this case?
This page does not cover every channel, sector, regional law or international transfer requirement. A manual action does not create a general exemption.
Official references.
BOE: LSSI, articles 2–4 and 21www.boe.esBOE: GDPR text, articles 3, 6, 13–14 and 21www.boe.esOfficial sources consulted on 5 November 2026. Educational summary; not legal advice or a validated policy.